What condition is described as a buildup of plaque in the arteries?

Coronary heart disease refers to the condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, specifically the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. This plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances found in the blood, and its accumulation can narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow to the heart. This restriction can lead to various cardiovascular issues, including angina (chest pain) and heart attacks, as the heart muscle may not receive enough oxygen-rich blood.

In contrast, stroke involves the interruption of blood supply to the brain, which can result from various factors, including the presence of plaque in the arteries leading to the brain but does not itself describe the plaque buildup in arteries. Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the body cannot produce insulin, affecting how the body processes glucose, and is not directly related to arterial plaque. Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump effectively but does not specifically describe the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Thus, the definition of coronary heart disease directly aligns with the buildup of plaque, making it the correct choice.