Which deficiency characterizes kwashiorkor?

Kwashiorkor is predominantly characterized by a deficiency in protein intake. This condition typically occurs in children who have adequate calorie consumption but are severely lacking in protein, which is essential for numerous bodily functions, including growth, development, and immune response.

When protein is insufficient, the body is unable to synthesize necessary proteins, leading to symptoms such as edema (swelling due to fluid retention), an enlarged abdomen, and skin changes. The body’s inability to produce albumin, a protein crucial for maintaining fluid balance, is a significant factor in the development of these symptoms.

While caloric intake may be adequate, the lack of protein specifically leads to the development of kwashiorkor, making it distinct from other deficiencies, such as those related to fats or carbohydrates. Caloric or carbohydrate deficiencies may lead to other forms of malnutrition but not the specific syndrome associated with kwashiorkor.