Which practice is NOT effective in preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

Sharing personal items is not an effective practice in preventing the spread of infectious diseases because it can facilitate the transmission of pathogens from one person to another. Items such as towels, utensils, or personal grooming tools, when shared, can harbor germs and viruses, making it easy for infections to spread, especially in crowded environments or among individuals with weakened immune systems.

In contrast, vaccination is a proactive measure that helps build immunity against specific infectious diseases, reducing overall incidence and the potential for outbreaks. Hygiene practices such as regular handwashing and maintaining clean living environments significantly decrease the likelihood of pathogen transmission. Ensuring food and water safety is also crucial for preventing illnesses caused by contaminated food or water sources. Each of these other practices contributes positively to public health and individual protection against infectious diseases.